Lock



Aug. 4, 1925.

. E. AQHILL LOCK Filed Jan. 13, 1922 al ow- 4 Patented Aug. 4, i925,

ELERT A. HILL, 0}? LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSl'G-NOR TO STOP-BURGLAR LOCK COIVLPANY, OF L05 ANGELES, CALIEQRNLA, COBPOEATIOEXT OF CALIFORNIA.

LOCK.

To all ii /tom it may concern:

Be it known that I. ELERT i.

HILL, a

- 1 State 01 Caliiiornia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Locks following is a specification.

This invention particularly pertains to a permutation loch the rotary-tumbler type in which the operation oz lock-bolt in un locking the lock is dependei'it upon the proper positioning of a plurality rotaiy locking tumblers. Locks ot this character are disclosed in the followingco-pending applications for United States LettersPat ent: Application filed February 14, 1922, Serial; No. 536,581, Letters Fatent No. 1;l80f759, issued Jan. 15, 192i; application filed April 1,1922 Ser. No. 548,770 which has resulted in Letters Patent No. 1,489,769, issued January 15, 1924; application tiled October 7 1922, Ser. No. 593,006; application filed @c'tober 10, 1922, Ser. No. application f led October 13. 1922 Ser. No. 59 2,3169; ap icatioi filed October 3 1922 Serial No. 592,127; application filed Sept. 27, 1922 Serial No.

of whi ch the 590 978; appliiatioii tiled December 19,1923.

SerLNo. 68h6d2. 4 An ob ect of this invention is to provide a lreyless lockembodyinga series of pushbuttons and a locking" mechanism controlled thereby in such manner tliatthe operation of the lock niust'necessarily be etlectedby' depressing each of the pii'slibiittons a predetermined number of times and whereby the lock may be operated by manual pressure and the sense of feel without necessitating use of the sense of sight A pa ticularobject' of this invention is to provide a construction in a lock of the abo e character by which the disposing of tii bier iii an unlocking position cannot be detected from the exterior of the look as by sound or sense at touch: whereby the proper positioning of the rotary tumblers can not be effected by persons not knowing the combinat-ion or the loci; other than by chance, and rendering}; extra V anely diliicult and remote the possibility of; discovering the unlocking combination,

" at Los' which has resulted in Application filed Januaryli, 1922. Serial No. 529,064.

Another object is to provide a simple means whereby the unlocking combination may be readily changed and set to operate numerous combinations.

Another object is to provide means in a tumbler lock for determining the rig position 05 the tumblers so as to enable the operator to dispose the tuniblers in their unlocking position.-

A further object is to provide an arrangement whereby the lock may be readily fitted to be operated as a latch from one side thereof and freely opened from that side when the tumblers are either in or out of the locking positionj 7 With the foregoing ob ects in view, to-

;gether with such other objects and advan' tagies as may subsequently appear, the inmntion resides in the parts, and the combination, construction and arrangement of parts and the equivalent-s, hereinafter deined and illustrated by way scribed and oi example in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a view in vertical longitudinal section of the lock partly in elevation as seen on the line 11 of Fig.

Fig. 2 is a view in elevation andv trans verse section as seen on the line 2 2 of Fig. l on a reduced scale.

Fig". 3 is a view in horizontal section as seen on lin of Figs. 1 and 2 one re duced scale, showing the loclt as applied to a door such as is employed in buildings.

4c is a detail in side elevation of a door showing the manner oflorming the lock receiving slot therein.

More specifi-sally 5 indicates the lock casing which is here shown as comprising separable side plates 6 and 7 adapted to exteiid on opposite sides of a door 8; the plate 6 being formed with inturned end wall 9 and the plate 7 being formed with inturned end wall 10 to form the front wall the loclr casing. The wall 9 is here shown as formed with a longitudinal channel 11 one side of which is formed by a flange 12., and the wall 10 is formed with the inturned end flange 13 adapted to extend into the channel 11 into engagement. with the flange 13 whereby the side plates 6 and flanges 9 and 10 and also spaced'trom the edges of the platesto form flanges 16 and 17 adapted to extend over the sides of the door 8 as shown in Fig. 8, the casing here shown being adapted to be applied to the ordinary wooden door such as is employed in buildings, and mounted in the door. by setting in a slot 18 formed in the edge of the door as shown in Fig. Aha-citing plate 19 is attached to the bait wall of the slot by screws 20 or other suitable fastenings which plate is formed with a series of threaded openings to receive screws 21 and 22 which are passed throiush aligned openings in the walls Sh -10 and flanges l -l5, which screws serve to fasten the loci: casing in the door and being inserted through the front wall of the lock casing are concealed when the door is closed and yet permit ready removal and replacement of the lock casing when occasion requires. 7

Formed on the wall 10 and tiange 15 are opposed guide sleeves s3 and in which a slide-bar 25' is reciprocally mounted; the bar being inserted in the sleeves through an opening 26 formed in the flange 15 communicating with the interior of the sleeve 24:. A helical or spiral spring 2? is arranged in the sleeve 23 to exert a pressure longitudinally of the bar tending to more the latter to a retracted position. lhe slide bar serves as an arbor for a series of rotary tumblers 28, 29 and 30, each of which coinprises a bushing 31 mounted to revolve on the bar and a toothed annulus 32 carried by the bushing and adapted to be turned to various positions thereon, a spring plate 33 aflixed to the bushing having a ill 3% engaging with a recess 35 on the a .nulus to hold the annulus and bushing against rotation relative to each other. The teeth on the annulus comprise ordinary ratchet teeth 36 and are here shown as ten in number and -numbered in their order around the annulus .'d of each tumbler when the bar is n an ad .nced pos1t1on and adapted to enter the channels a 37 when the tumblers are turned to dispose thechannels in alignment with each other and with the catches whereby the bar may be permitted to move to retracted position under action of the spring 27. Each catch is here shown as embodying a d sk ell arranged in and guided by a transverse recess 42 in the bar and carried on a flat faced stein 43 extending through an opening in the bottom wall of the recess and formed with a head 4% adapted to abut against the underside of the recess wall to limit outward movement of the catch. A spring 15 is wound around the stem 43 and bears be tween the bottom of the recess and the un engage a tumbler when the bar is in its advanced position when the channels are out of alinement with the catches to hold the bar againstmovement under actionof the.

spring 27.

Carried by the plate brackets 48, 49 and 50, each of which extends along the side of a tumbler opposite the side thereof adjacent the latch and serves in cooperation with a catch to hold. the tunibler against movement longitudinally of the bar.

Extending through the plate/7 and projecting beneath the tumblers is a series of reciprocal push-pins 51, 52 and fi having their inner ends guided in the bracl-zets. and mounted on each push-pin a catch 54 adapted to be engaged with the teeth on the adjacent tumbler in such manner that as the push-pin is advanced in one direction the tumbler will'be caused to turn the length, of a tooth and 011 return movement of the pushpin the catch will ride over and engage with the adjacent tooth. A spring is wound on each push-pin and bears between the bracket and a pin 56 on the push-pin and acts to normally maintain the push-pin in its forwardmost position. The pin 56 rides in a slot 57 in the bracket which construction serves as a means for holding the push.- pin against turning and also serves to limit longitudinal movement of the puslrpin in either direction.

Forthe purpose oi" holding thetuinbler against retrograde movement a catch 58 is mounted on the plate 7-.and positioned to engage the ratchet teeth on the tumbler as shown in Fig. 2: the latch being mounted on a stem 59 to the outer end of which is attached a block 60 adapted to slide in an opening 61 in the plate 7 which block constitutes an indicator for designating a start ing position of the tumbler, as will be later described. A spring 62 acts on the catch 5 8 to normally hold the latter in an advanced position with the outer end of the block 60 located within the openingGl. On rotation of the tumbler the catch 58 is moved. out- 7 is a series of 60 moves back mto the recess.

As a means for indicating when a certain ratchet tooth is engaged by the catch 54: on the push-pin, a pro ectlng pm 68 is mounted on the tumbler in such position as to engage the catch 58 and' cause the latter to retract a greater distance than when acted on by a ratchet tooth .so as to move the block 60 un til its outer end will project beyond the front face of the plate 7' By this arrange nient the operator may determine the position of the tumbler either by observing the movement of the block 60 or by placing the fingers over the opening 61 while operating the push-pin. The pin 63 is set in a recess in the outer face of the ratchet teeth and a recess 64 is provided on each tooth. To facilitate setting the pin 63 and also adjusting the annulus relative to the pushing each tooth bears a number as indicated in Fig. 2.

Mounted in the lock casing and carried by the wall 10 and things .15'is a latch bolt 65.; the outer end of-which projects beyond the wall 10 andis adapted to engage the recess 66 in the door casing. The end of the latch bolt having'an inclined face 67 to permit it riding into engagement with the recess on closing the door as is common in latch bolt construction. A spring 68 bears against the inner end of the latch bolt to normally main-.

'tain the latter in its outermost or looking position. I

Extending into the look casing from one side thereof is a sleeve 69 carrying a'pin 7 O adaptedon rotation 01 the sleeve to engage a pin 71, projectingfrom the side otthe latch bolt whereby the latch bolt may be retracted from one side of the lock casing; the sleeve 69 being fitted with a knob 72 by which it may be manually rotated; Extending into the lock casing. from the side opposite the sleeve 69 is a shaft 73 fitted with a knob 74 by which it may be manually rotated; the inner end of which shaft extends into the sleeve 69 and is turnable relative thereto. adjacent the inner end of the shaft, into which a set screw 76 on the sleeve extends to hold the shaft andsleeve against longitudinal movement relative to each other and'also hold the shaft 73 against being withdrawn. The shaft 73 extends laterally beneath the latch bolt 65 and carries a projection 77 at a point beneath the latch bolt. Pivoted at 78011 the latch bolt and" projectingupwardly from a slot 79 in the latter is an arm 80, the upper end of which terminates adjacent an inclined face 81 formed on the underside ot'theslide bar 25 at the rear end there or"; a spring 82 attached to the latch bolt and connected to the arm 80, exerts an An annular channel is formed.

upward pull thereonand serving to hold its upper end against the slide bar. Formed on the arm is a tooth 83 which is adapted on depression of the arm 80to extend into the path of travel of the projection 77 on the shaft 73; the arm 80 being adapted to be depressed by action of the inclined face 81 thereon when the slide bar 25 is moved rearwardly under action of the spring 27.

Pivoted at S t in the lock casing and eX- tending between the slidebar and latch bolt 65 is a lever 85, the lower end oi. which extends into a recess 86 in the latch bolt in such fashion that as the latch bolt moves longitudinally the lever will be rocked on its pivot 84:. The upper end of the lever 85 extends into an elongated slot 87 on the under side of the slide bar 25 and normally abuts against the rear end wall of the slot, as shown in Fig. 1, when the latch bolt is in its advanced or looking position. The slot 87 is otsuch length that the end walls thereof will be spaced apart a sutlicient distance topermit rearward movement of the slide bar under action of the spring 27 without engaging the lever 85-.

rissuming the parts to be positioned as shown in Fig. 1, that is, with the latch bolt adi'ancedand in its locking position, and the slide bar retracted in opposition to spring 27 and held against movement by either of the catches 38, 39 or 40 engaging a tumbler, the operation in unlocking the lock will be as follows:

The push-pins 51, 52 and 53 are each pressed inwardly a sufiicient number of times to bring the pin 63 into operative'engagem'ent with the latch 58 to actuate the indicator GOto enable the operator to determine the'starting position of each tumbler, whereupon each push-pin is again operated to advance each tumbler a sufiicient number of steps to bring the channels 37 in the bushings into alignment with the catches 38 39 and 40 according to the particular combination at which the lock is to be operated which is governed by the relative positions of the ratchet teeth on the annulus to the channels in the bushings. For example. assume the combination to be set at l 2? and 3, that is wit-h the tumbler 28 set so that one impulse thereof after the pin 63 actuated by the indicator, would bring the channel 37 in alignment with the catch 38. and the tumblers 29 and 30 set so that two and three impulses of each tumbler respectively after the pin 63, has operated the indicator, the channels 37 would be aligned wit-h the catches 39 and 4:0. It follows that by operating the push-pins 5. 52 and 53, one, two and three times respectively, after the indicator for each tumbler had designated the starting position. the channels in the-tumblers will be aligned with the catches on the slide bar, so that the spring 27 willsition the channel 37 therein out of alignment with an adjacent catch, the slide bar.

will again. be locked so as to necessitate reoperation of the tumblers to unlock the lock. If. however, the-tumblers are not disturbed after unlockingrthe lock, the slide bar will return to its advanced position on release ol the latch bolt either b r releasino' the shalt 73 or turning it suiiiciently to permit the projection 77 to ride over tooth 83. It will now be seen'that it the tumblers are arranged in their unlocking position the latch bolt may be freely operated by turning the hait 73, thus not necessitating operation of the tumblers each time the latch bolt is to be retracted by operation of the shaft 73.

The lock herein set forth is particularly applicable for use on the doors of dwellings and the like where it is desirable that the door be locked against opening from the outside, yet be locked from the inside; as a provision o:t the sleeve 69 and its bolt oper ating' means, the latch bolt may be retracted from one side of the lock whether the tumblers are in or out of the locking position. In some instances, however, this feature of the lock may be dispensed with as where it is applied to doors of cabinets or sales, or

the like where there is no occasion to unlock the lock from the inside.

I claim:

1. In a permutation look, a slide bar, a plurality of rotary-tumblers mounted to rotate on said slide bar, a spring for advancing said slide bar. means on said bar enaarjeable with said tumblers for holding said slide bar retracted in opposition to said spring, and means operable on disposing said tumblers in a predetermined position relative to each other whereby said tumbler engaging means is rendered inclitectual to permit advance of the slide bar relative to the tumblers.

2. In a permutation look, a slide bar, a plurality of rotary-tumblers mounted to rotate on said slide bar, spring for advancing said slide bar, means on said bar en gaogeable with said tumblers for holding" said slide bar retracted in opposition to said spring, and meansonerable on disposing said tumblers in a predetermined posit-ion relative to each other whereby said tumbler enn'agin3; means is rendered ineffectual to permit advance of the slide bar relative to the tumblers, a pushpin adjacent each tumbler, and means whereby movement of the push-pin intone direction will effect a partial revolution of the adjacent tumbler.

3. in a lock. slide bar, a spring for advancing said bar in one direction, a plurality ot' rotary tumblers carried by said bar,

each l'ieing formed with a transverse channel vancingsaid bar in one direction, a plurality of rotary tumblers carried by said bar, each being formed wlth a transverse channel opening to the surface of theshde-bar,

a series of catches on said slide-bar, a catch" being adapted to engage the side of each tumbler to hold the bar retracted in opposition to said spring, and adapted to enter a channel when alignedtherewith, and means forturning each of said tumblers step by step to position the channel therein in alignment with a catch and permit the bar to advance when the channels are aligned with the catches, a dead bolt, normally inoperative means for retracting said bolt, and means operable by advanceof the slide-bar for rendering said last named means operativer '5. In a permutation look, a' pluralityof rotary tumblers, means forturning each of said tumblers step by step, lock mechanism operative to unlock on predetermined positioning of said tumblers, means for confining the movement of said tumblers to a forward direction, and means operable by said last named means for indicating a starting position for each tumbler on rotation of the tumbler and means for varying the starting position of each tumbler.

6. In a permutation rotary tumblers, means for turning each of said tumblers step by step, lock mechanism operative to unlock on predetermined positioning of said tumblers,a spring pressed detent engageable with each tumbler to hold it against retrograde movement, an indicator operatively connected to said dete-nt,and means on each tumbler arranged to act on said detent'to operate said indicator to designate the starting position of each tumbler.

7. In a look, a rotary tinnbler formed with peripheral ratchet teeth, a member engageable with the teeth for holding the tumbler against retrograde movement, an indicator carried by said member, and means on said tumbler for moving said member independ lock, a plurality of i adapted to completely rotate and carrying ratchet teeth, a catch engaging said teeth, a projection on said tumbler adapted to effect increased retraction of said catch, and an indicator operable by such increased retraction of the catch to designate a starting position of the tumbler.

10. In a permutation lock, a rotary tum bler adapted to completely rotate and carrying ratchet teeth, a catch engaging said teeth, a projection on said tumbler adapted to efiect increased retraction of said catch, and an indicator operable by such increased retraction of the catch to designate a starting position of the tumbler, said projection being detachably engageable with the tumbler and adapted to be atlirzed at various positions thereon.

11. In a permutation lock, a slide-bar, a bushing tumbler on said slide-bar and through which the bar may slide said bushing having a channel extending along the bar, a catch on the bar adapted to engage the bushing and to enter the channel, a toothed annulus on said bushing the teeth of which have a relation to the channel in the bushing, and means for detachably holding the annulus against movement on the bushing adapted to be adjusted to vary the relation of a tooth to the channel.

12. In a lock, a reciprocal slide-bar, a catch protruding from said bar, a rotary tumbler carried by said bar against the side of which the catch may abut, said tumbler provided with a channel facing the bar through which the catch may pass, -means for turning the tumbler step by step to align the channel with the catch, and a movable indicator operated by advance movement of the tumbler to denote the starting point in counting the steps of movement of the tumbler.

13. In a look, a lock casing. a spring pressed normally advanced bolt in said casing, a slide bar in said casing, a spring for advancing said slide bar, a series of rotary tumblers, means controlled by said tumblers for maintaining the slide bar in a retracted position in opposition to the spring, means for retracting the bolt normally out of operative connection therewith, and means operable on advance of said slide bar for operatively connecting the bolt and the bolt retracting means.

14. In a lock, a lock casing, a normally advanced spring pressed bolt, means for retracting said bolt normally out of operative connection therewith, embodying a rotary element and a projection on said element; an arm on said bolt having a tooth adapted to be positioned in front of said projection, a spring acting on said arm normally disposing said tooth out of the path of travel of said projection, a slide bar, a spring for advancing said slide bar, a series of rotary tumblers, means co-operating between the slide bar and tumblers for normally main taining the slide bar in a retracted position, and means whereby advance movement of the slide bar will act on said arm to position the tooth in front of the projection, whereby on rotation of the rotary member the bolt may be retracted.

15. In a lock, a lock casing, a normally advanced spring pressed bolt, means for retracting said bolt normally out of operative connection therewith, embodying a rotary element and a projection on said element; an arm on said bolt having a tooth adapted to be positioned in front of said projection, a spring acting on said arm normally disposing said tooth out of the path of travel of said projection, a slide bar, a spring for advancing said slide bar, a series of rotary tumblers, means co-operating between the slide bar and tumblers for normally maintaining the slide bar in a re tracted position, means whereby advance movement of the slide bar will act on said arm to position the tooth in front of the projection. whereby on rotation of the retary member the bolt may be retracted, and means whereby retraction of the bolt will retract the slide bar in opposition to its spring.

16. In a lock of the character described, a lock casing comprising side plates having inturned end walls, means for connecting the end walls together, inturned flanges spaced from the end walls, a backing plate adapted to extend over said flanges having threaded openings therein, said backing plate adapted to be secured to the wall of a recess in a door, bolts extending thru the front wall and flange on each side plate screwed into engagement with the back plate, and lock mechanism carried by said plates.

1.7. In a lock, a lock casing, a normally advanced spring pressed bolt, means for retracting said bolt normally out of operative connection therewith, embodying a rotary element and a projection on said element; an arm on said bolt having a tooth adapted to be positioned in front of said projection, a spring acting on said arm normally disposing said tooth out of the path of travel of said projection, a slide bar, a spring for advancing said slide bar, a series of rotary tumblers, means cooperating between the slide bar and tumblers for normally maintaining the slide bar in a retracted position, means whereby advance movement of the slidebar will act on said arm to position the tooth in front of the projection, whereby on rotation of the rotary member the bolt may be retracted, means whereby retraction of the bolt will retract the slide bar in opposition to its spring, and a lever having one end engaged with the bolt and its opposite end projecting into an elongated slot in a slide bar whereby the bar may have movement relative to the lever, said lever adapted to retract the slide bar in opposition to its spring on retraction of the bolt.

18. In a permutation lock, a plurality of rotary tumblers freely revoluble and unrestricted movement in one direction, means for confining the movement of said tumblers to a forward direction, means for turning each of the tumblers forwardly step by step, lock mechanism operativeto unlock on predetern'iined positioning of said tumblers, and means operable by turning said tumblers forwardly for indicating the starting position of each tumbler independent of the other tumblers.

ELERT A. HILL. 

